Mabda'a anteenooyinka isgaarsiinta iyo agabka,
Sidee si fiican loogu helaa loona gudbiyaa calaamadaha qalabka kor u qaada calaamadaha 3g/4g?
Mareegta:https://www.lintratek.com/
Marka hore, mabda'a anteenada:
1.1 Qeexidda anteenada:
Qalab si wax ku ool ah u iftiimin kara hirarka elektromagnetic-ga jihada gaarka ah ee hawada sare ama si wax ku ool ah u heli kara hirarka elektromagnetic-ga jihada gaarka ah ee hawada sare.
1.2 Hawlaha anteenada:
Ø Beddelka tamarta - beddelka hirarka la hago iyo hirarka bannaan ee bannaan; Shucaaca jihada (soo dhawaynta) - wuxuu leeyahay tilmaam gaar ah.
1.3 Mabda'a shucaaca anteenada:
1.4 Halbeegyada Anteenada
Halbeegga shucaaca
Ø Ballaca badhtamaha awoodda, saamiga hore iyo gadaal;
Ø qaabka kala-goynta, kala-soocidda kala-goynta;
Ø Qodobka Toosinta, faa'iidada anteenada;
Ø Lugaha ugu weyn, lugaha labaad, xakamaynta dhinaca, buuxinta eber, hoos u janjeersiga alwaaxa…
Halbeegga wareegga
Saamiga mowjadaha taagan ee danabka VSWR, isku-darka milicsiga Γ, RL luminta soo celinta;
Ø Impedance-ka gelinta Zin, luminta gudbinta TL;
Ø go'doomin Iso;
Ø Kala-soocidda saddexaad ee aan firfircoonayn ee Intermodulation PIM3…
Dhinaca anteenada
Ballaca Jiidaha ee Jiidaha ah
Saamiga hore iyo gadaal: Waxay qeexaysaa saamiga awoodda hore ee la iftiimiyay ee anteenada iyo awoodda gadaal ee la iftiimiyay gudaha ±30°.
Xiriirka ka dhexeeya faa'iidada iyo cabbirka anteenada iyo beamwidth
"Taayirka" oo la fidsan yahay, calaamadda oo sii xoogaysata, ayaa korodhka sii kordhaya, cabbirka anteenada ayaa sii weynaanaya, ballaca hirarkana wuu sii yaraanayaa;
Dhowr qodob oo muhiim ah oo faa'iido u leh anteenada:
Anteenadu waa aalad aan firfircoonayn mana soo saari karto tamar. Ka faa'iidaysiga anteenadu waa awoodda si wax ku ool ah loogu ururin karo tamarta si loogu iftiimiyo ama loogu helo hirarka elektromagnetic-ga jihada gaarka ah.
Ø Kororka anteenada waxaa dhaliya kor u qaadista gariirayaasha. Kor u kaca faa'iidada ayaa sii dheeraanaya dhererka anteenada. Kordhi faa'iidada 3dB oo labanlaab mugga.
Inta uu anteenadu kor u kacdo, ayaa jihada toosani sii fiicnaanaysaa, tamartuna way sii xoogaysanaysaa, qaybta hoosena way cidhiidhi noqonaysaa.
1.5 Halbeegyada Shucaaca
Kala-goynta: waxaa loola jeedaa wadada ama isbeddelka vector-ka goobta korantada ee hawada sare.
1.6 Halbeegyada Wareegga
Lumista soo celinta
Laba, alaabada anteenada
2.1 Habka Magacaabista Anteenada:
Qaybaha anteenada: ODP (anteenada saxanka jihada dibadda), OOA (anteenada jihada dibadda oo dhan), IXD (anteenada saqafka gudaha), OCS (anteenada laba geesoodka ah ee dibadda), OCA (anteenada kooxeed ee dibadda), OYI (anteenada Yagi ee dibadda), ORA (anteenada dusha sare ee tuurista dibadda), IWH (anteenada derbiga gudaha ku rakiban) iyo wixii la mid ah.
Xagasha awoodda badhkeed: 032,065,090,105,360 (anteenada saldhigga saldhigga) 020,030,040,050,060,075,090,120,160,360 (anteenada ku celcelinta)
Habka Kala-fogaanshaha: R (laba-geesoodka), V (hal-fogaanshaha)
Faa'iido: Qiimaha ugu badan waa 21dbi iyadoo lagu saleynayo qiimaha dhabta ah
Noocyada kala-goysyada: D (Madaxa Din), N (Madaxa N-nooca), S (Madaxa SMA), T (Madaxa TNC) iwm.
Xariiqda soo noqnoqoshada:
Koodhka qeexidda: Xarfaha Roomaanka waxay muujinayaan soo saarista badeecada. Xarfaha iyo lambarrada soo socda waxay muujinayaan xagasha hoos u dhaca, qaabka, iyo macluumaadka kale. Nooca F; Nidaaminta korantada V; Beddelka korantada fog ee RV
2.2 Anteenada Saldhigga Saldhigga
Anteenada Laba-Heerka ah ee Anteenada oo dhan-wareegga ah
Anteeno Saddex-Heerka ah
Anteenada Saqafka
Anteeno Derbiga Ku Xiran
Anteenada Yagi
Anteenada Shabaqa
Anteenada Saxanka Anteenada ee Wareega ah ee Broadband
3.1 Qaybiyaha Awoodda
Qaybiyaha korontada waa qalab u qaybiya tamarta hal calaamad oo wax soo saar ah laba ama in ka badan oo wax soo saar ah. Asal ahaan waa beddele is-beddel ah.
Ø Ma la rogi karaa qaybiyaha korontada si loogu beddelo isku-darka?
Marka loo isticmaalo synthesizer, uma baahna oo keliya go'doomin sare, saamiga hirarka taagan oo hooseeya, laakiin sidoo kale wuxuu diiradda saarayaa baahida loo qabo in la iska caabiyo awoodda sare. Iyadoo la tixgelinayo in dekedaha wax soo saarka ee kala-qaybiyaha awoodda godka ee caadiga ah aan la jaanqaadin, mowjad weyn oo taagan; Sababtoo ah iska caabinta awoodda yar ee kala-qaybiyaha awoodda microstrip, kuma talineyno isticmaalka kala-qaybiyaha awoodda si loogu beddelo isku-darka.
Qaybiyaha Awoodda Godadka
Afar, hordhaca isku xidhka
4.1 Xidhmo
Ø Isku-xidhuhu waa nooc ka mid ah qaybaha qaybiya tamarta calaamadda gelinta iyada oo loo marayo goobta korantada iyo isku-xidhka goobta birlabta si ay qayb uga noqoto wax soo saarka dhammaadka isku-xidhka, iyo inta soo hartay ee wax soo saarka dhammaadka si loo dhammaystiro qaybinta awoodda.
Ø Qaybinta awoodda ee isku xidhka si siman looma qaybin. Sidoo kale waxaa loo yaqaan sampler power.
Xidhiidhiyaha jihada
Xidhiidhiyayaasha jihada waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa jihada socodka ee cayimsan ee calaamadaha microwave-ka si loogu qaado muunad, ujeedada ugu weyni waa in la kala saaro oo la kala saaro calaamadda, ama si kale loo isku daro calaamado kala duwan, marka aysan jirin culays gudaha ah, isku xidhayaasha jihada badanaa waa shabakad afar-deked ah.
Xidhiidhiyaha godka
Astaamaha: Awood sare leh, waxqabadka khasaaraha hooseeya.
Sababta:
1. Godka waxaa ka buuxa hawo, habka gudbintana, kala-baxa warbaahinta ee ay keento qalabka hawada ayaa aad uga hooseeya.
2. Suunka siligga ee isku xiran guud ahaan waxaa laga sameeyaa koronto-qaade leh koronto wanaagsan (sida dahaarka lacagta ee dusha sare ee naxaasta), khasaaraha gudbiyahana asal ahaan waa mid aan la dafiri karin.
3. Mugga godka oo weyn, kulaylka oo si degdeg ah u daata. Waxay u adkaysataa awood sare.
Qalabka Dhejiya
Ø Attenuator-ku waa curiye laba dekedood leh oo isdhaafsan
Qalabka yareeya nuugista ee ugu badan ee la isticmaalo waa qalabka yareeya nuugista.
Attenuator-ka isku-xidhka ah waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa injineernimada, oo ka kooban shabakad yareysa "π" ama "T".
Attenuators-ka isku-xidhka ah (coaxial attenuators) badanaa waxay leeyihiin laba nooc oo ah attenuators go'an iyo kuwo doorsooma.
Ø Qalabka xakamaynta ayaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu xakameeyo tamarta gudbinta ee calaamadaha microwave-ka ee nidaamka ogaanshaha iyo isticmaalka tamarta xad-dhaafka ah, sidaas darteedna lagu ballaariyo baaxadda firfircoon ee cabbirka calaamadaha, sida mitirrada korontada, falanqeeyayaasha muuqaalka, amplifiers-ka, qaataha, iwm.
Mareegta:https://www.lintratek.com/
#Amplifier 4g #Ku celceliye 4g
衰减器
Ø衰减器是二端口互易元件
Ø衰减器最常用的是吸收式衰减器.
Ø工程中通常使用的是同轴型衰减器，由“π”型或“T”型衰减网络组成。
Ø同轴衰减器通常有固定及可变衰减两种。
Ø衰减器主要用于检测系统中控制微波信号传输能量、消耗超额追量，因而扩展信号测量的动态范围，诸如功率计，频谱分析仪，放大器，接收器等。
Waqtiga boostada: Jan-18-2024